Accelerating Solutions of Perfect Fluid Hydrodynamics for Initial Energy Density and Life-Time Measurements in Heavy Ion Collisions

Relativistic hydrodynamics can be successfully applied both at the largest and the smallest scales of physics. However, its equations are highly nonlinear, and only few exact relativistic solutions are presently known. We present here a recently found family of exact solutions [1]. These generalize the Landau-Khalatnikov solution [2–4], as they are also accelerating and yield a finite rapidity distribution. They are simple and explicit, similarly to the Hwa-Bjorken solution [5, 6]. We show new 1+ 3 dimensional solutions [1], that are reduced to the exact hydro solutions of refs. [7–11] in the accelerationless limit.